A mechanical ventilator is a device that provides ventilation to a patient by delivering oxygen from the external environment, enhancing carbon dioxide elimination, and supporting the physiological regulation of respiration in cases where normal respiratory function is insufficient. Mechanical ventilators control airflow, pressure, tidal volume, and oxygen concentration, improving gas exchange in the lungs and optimizing ventilation-perfusion balance. These devices can be applied through invasive (intubation) or non-invasive methods and operate in various modes depending on the clinical requirements. Mechanical ventilation is crucial in conditions such as respiratory failure, anesthesia, intensive care, and various pulmonary diseases.
